Physician Assistant Clinical Knowledge Rating and Assessment Tool (PACKRAT) 3 Practice Exam

In Meniere's disease, the problem is excess fluid buildup (endolymphatic hydrops) in the inner ear that leads to vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing fluctuations. Diuretics and a low-salt diet help by reducing overall fluid retention and endolymph production, which lowers the pressure in the inner ear and stabilizes vestibular function. This approach is specifically used to lessen the frequency and severity of vertigo attacks and to protect hearing over time.

Other conditions listed aren’t treated with this strategy. GERD is managed with acid suppression, pneumonia with antibiotics and supportive care, and hyperthyroidism with antithyroid medications or thyroid-modulating therapies, none of which rely on diuretics and salt restriction as the main treatment.